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Ligand-gated ion channels allow more than one type of ion into the cell. d) Ligand-gated ion channels are found within a neuron’s dendrites but not its axon. Question: Identify which channels are located in the dendrites and cell body (soma) of neurons. Ligand-Gated Ion Channel: Structure and Activation States Ligand-gated ion channels are located on the cell membrane. Most ion channels are gated—that is, they open and close either spontaneously or in response to a specific stimulus, such as the binding of a small molecule to the channel protein (ligand-gated ion channels) or a change in voltage across the membrane that is sensed by charged segments of the channel protein (voltage-gated ion channels). These intrinsic ion channels change shape following the binding of an extracellular ligand to the binding site of the channel. Many neurotransmitters act as ligands for ion channels. a. Ligand-gated ion channels . Ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) are a group of transmembrane ion channel proteins which open to allow ions such as Na +, K +, Ca 2+, or Cl − to pass through the membrane in response to the binding of a chemical messenger (i.e. Ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) are integral membrane proteins that contain a pore which allows the regulated flow of selected ions across the plasma membrane. Leak channels . Reference: 1.Purves, Dale.

This changes the conformation of the channel protein and hence opens the channel. c. Mechanically gated channels

Ligand gated ion channels open the passage when they bind with ligands that are small chemical molecules. e) Both a and d This is the difference between voltage gated and ligand gated ion channels. Most endogenous ligands bind to a site distinct from the ion conduction pore and binding directly causes opening or closing of the channel. Ion channels are “gated”, i.e. - A neurotransmitter has to bind to a channel in order for it to open. Ion flux is passive and driven by the electrochemical gradient for the permeant ions. Source for information on ligand-gated ion channel: A Dictionary of Biology dictionary. ligand-gated ion channel A type of ion channel that opens when a signal molecule (ligand) binds to an extracellular receptor region of the channel protein. E.g. b. another ion OR cGMP, cAMP (They are basically glucose and a form of energy) For Na+ and K+, it requires glutamate, cGMP/cAMP and for K+ it requires Ca+.

Voltage gated ion channels open when there is a voltage difference across the membrane. Ligand-gated Ion Channels.

This structural change opens the channel pore, allowing ion transport across the membrane. Ligand-gated ion channels are a large group of intrinsic transmembrane proteins that allow passage of ions upon activation by a specific chemical. b) Ligand-gated ion channels open more rapidly than voltage-gated ion channels. c) Ligand-gated ion channels allow the postsynaptic cell to control, through intracellular signaling, to which neurotransmitters the postsynaptic cell responds. Until then they remain closed. Light-activated potassium channels have been engineered from bacterial K + channels with the goal of inhibiting neuronal activity upon illumination. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor was the first ion channel to be synthetically adapted with a light-gated mechanism. Ion channels are transmembrane proteins specifically involved with the transport of inorganic ions like Na+, K+, Ca2+, or Cl-. a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter..

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